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Glossary

Every term in the course, in one line, with its English name

Back to the course

Trading & investing glossary

135 terms, one or two lines each, sorted by the English name — because that's the name you'll meet in every platform, filing and screener. Each links to the lesson that teaches it in depth.

5ABCDEF
© 2026 ANALYSTO.PRO · For research only, not investment advice.
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5

שיא 52 שבועות52-Week High
The highest price of the past year. Proximity to it signals strength, not danger.
Finding swing trades

A

לקוחות / חייביםAccounts Receivable
Sales booked but not yet paid. Growing faster than revenue is a red flag.
Cash flow
תשואה עודפתAlpha
Return above the benchmark, after adjusting for risk.
Measuring performance
מחזור יומי ממוצעAverage Daily Volume
Average trading activity per day. Best measured in money, not shares.
Liquidity
טווח אמיתי ממוצעAverage True Range (ATR)
The stock's average daily movement, gaps included. The basis for stops and targets.
Volatility
מיצוע כלפי מטהAveraging Down
Adding to a losing position. It increases risk at precisely the wrong moment.
Managing the trade

B

צבר הזמנותBacklog / RPO
Contracted revenue not yet recognised. It foreshadows coming quarters.
Finding long-term companies
בסיס / התכנסותBase / Consolidation
A sideways stretch after an advance, where supply is exhausted before the next move.
Base patterns
מדד ייחוסBenchmark
The index performance is compared against, usually a broad one.
Measuring performance
מרווח קנייה־מכירהBid-Ask Spread
The gap between the best bid and the best ask. An immediate cost on every trade.
Liquidity
סטופ בנקודת האיזוןBreak-Even Stop
Moving the stop to the entry price so the trade can no longer lose.
Managing the trade
פריצהBreakout
A move above resistance. Reliable only when it arrives on unusual volume.
Key levels
דגלון עולהBull Flag
A sharp advance then a tight consolidation on falling volume, before continuation.
Day-trading setups
רכישה עצמיתBuyback
A company buying its own shares, cutting the count and enlarging your slice.
Dilution and stock-based compensation

C

השקעה ברכוש קבועCapital Expenditure (CapEx)
Spending on plants, equipment and infrastructure — the outlay separating operating from free cash flow.
Cash flow
המרת מזומןCash Conversion
Free cash flow divided by net income. Tests whether profit actually arrives.
Cash flow
משך המזומןCash Runway
How long the cash lasts at the current burn rate.
Cash flow
קטליזטורCatalyst
The event that caused the interest: earnings, guidance, approval, merger, contract or a rating change.
Relative volume
שיעור צמיחה שנתי ממוצעCompound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR)
The average annual growth rate across several years.
Finding long-term companies
ריבית דריביתCompounding
Growth stacked on prior growth. It needs time and is eroded by high turnover.
Building a thesis and a strategy
סיכון ריכוזיותConcentration Risk
The risk that several positions all respond to the same driver.
Correlation
הטיית אישורConfirmation Bias
Seeking information that supports an existing view and ignoring the rest.
Behavioural mistakes
התכנסות סימניםConfluence
Several independent conditions pointing the same way at once.
The entry checklist
רמת שכנועConviction
The strength of the thesis, which justifies a larger or smaller weight.
Concentration versus diversification
מתאםCorrelation
How closely two assets move together. In a crisis it rises toward one.
Correlation

D

רווח למניה מדוללDiluted EPS
EPS that also counts options and securities that will become shares.
Reading a financial report
דילולDilution
An increase in share count that shrinks every existing holder's slice.
Dilution and stock-based compensation
היוון תזרימי מזומניםDiscounted Cash Flow (DCF)
Valuing a company by discounting its future cash. Extremely sensitive to assumptions.
Valuation and multiples
יום חלוקהDistribution Day
A down day on unusually heavy volume — a sign large holders are selling.
Managing a swing position
פיזורDiversification
Holding assets with different risk drivers, not merely several different names.
Correlation
ירידה מהשיאDrawdown
The percentage fall from the account's peak to the trough that follows. The survival metric of any method.
Risk before reward

E

רווח למניהEarnings Per Share (EPS)
Net income divided by share count. Always prefer the diluted version.
Reading a financial report
דוח רבעוניEarnings Report
The company's quarterly publication of financial results.
Earnings risk
הפתעה בדוחEarnings Surprise
The gap between the actual result and expectations. That's what moves price, not the number itself.
Earnings risk
רווח לפני ריבית מס ופחתEBITDA
Operating profitability before depreciation. Useful for comparison, but it ignores real investment.
Return on capital and the moat
חפיר תחרותיEconomic Moat
What stops competitors eroding profitability: network, switching costs, brand, cost or regulation.
Return on capital and the moat
קצה סטטיסטיEdge
The advantage that makes expectancy positive. Without it, trading is a tax on patience.
Expectancy
מכפיל שווי פעילותEV/EBITDA
A multiple that neutralises debt structure, comparing differently levered companies fairly.
Valuation and multiples
תוחלתExpectancy
The average expected profit per trade given win rate and the size of wins and losses.
Expectancy

F

דעיכהFade
Trading against an overextended move. Advanced only — you're fighting momentum.
Day-trading setups
פריצת שוואFalse Breakout
A break that fails and pulls price back into the range, trapping the buyers.
Key levels
תשואת תזרים חופשיFCF Yield
Free cash flow divided by market cap. The return you'd get if the company never grew.
Valuation and multiples
מניות צפותFloat
The number of shares actually available to trade freely.
Liquidity
פחד להחמיץFOMO
Entering late because of a move that already happened. The highest-risk entry there is.
Behavioural mistakes
מכפיל עתידיForward P/E
The multiple on next year's forecast earnings. It depends on forecasts that err.
Valuation and multiples
תזרים מזומנים חופשיFree Cash Flow (FCF)
Operating cash flow minus investment in property and equipment. The money left for owners.
Cash flow

G

חשבונאי מול מתואםGAAP vs Non-GAAP
The result under uniform rules versus the one management presents after adjustments.
Reading a financial report
פערGap
An open far from the prior close. Stops fill after it, not at it.
Order types
פער והמשךGap and Go
A break above the pre-market high in a gapping, news-driven stock.
Day-trading setups
פער עלייה / פער ירידהGap Up / Gap Down
An open above or below the prior close, driven by new information.
Finding stocks to day trade
שיעור רווח גולמיGross Margin
Gross profit divided by revenue. Measures product strength and pricing power.
Profit margins
הנחיה / תחזיתGuidance
Management's forecast for coming quarters. Usually moves the stock more than the results.
Earnings risk

H

השעיית מסחרHalt
A temporary trading pause. The resume comes with a gap and wide spreads.
Finding stocks to day trade

I

מניה בתנועהIn Play
A stock with a catalyst and unusual volume — the only kind worth trading intraday.
Finding stocks to day trade
כיסוי ריביתInterest Coverage
How many times operating profit covers interest expense.
Return on capital and the moat
תוך־יומיIntraday
Everything inside a single trading day, with no overnight hold.
Volume-weighted average price
תזת השקעהInvestment Thesis
The written reason for holding, including what would disprove it.
Building a thesis and a strategy

L

מובילה / מפגרתLeader / Laggard
A stock that leads the market versus one that trails it.
Relative strength
מינוףLeverage
Trading with borrowed money. Scales gains and losses alike, and adds margin-call risk.
Position sizing
פקודת לימיטLimit Order
Fills only at your price or better. May never fill.
Order types
נזילותLiquidity
The ability to buy and sell meaningful size without moving the price.
Liquidity

M

רוחב שוקMarket Breadth
How many stocks actually participate in the move, beyond the index itself.
Market regime
שווי שוקMarket Cap
Share price times share count. The value the market assigns the company.
Valuation and multiples
פקודת שוקMarket Order
Fills immediately at the available price. Certain execution, uncertain price.
Order types
משטר שוקMarket Regime
The overall environment: up, down or chop. It decides which setups work.
Market regime
הפסד יומי מרביMax Daily Loss
A pre-set daily loss ceiling; once reached, trading stops for the day.
Risk before reward
ירידה מקסימליתMaximum Drawdown
The largest peak-to-trough fall. A method's survivability metric.
Measuring performance
ממוצע נעMoving Average (MA)
The average price over a number of days. Smooths noise and shows direction.
Market regime

N

חוב נטוNet Debt
Total debt minus the cash on hand.
Return on capital and the moat
רווח נקיNet Income
What remains after every expense, financing and tax. The bottom line.
Reading a financial report
שיעור רווח נקיNet Margin
Net income divided by revenue. Sensitive to one-off events.
Profit margins
שימור הכנסות מלקוחות קיימיםNet Revenue Retention (NRR)
How much revenue the same customers generate a year later. Above 110% is strong.
Finding long-term companies

O

סיכון פתוחOpen Risk
The total loss if every stop in the portfolio were hit at once.
The entry checklist
טווח הפתיחהOpening Range
The high and low of the first minutes. A frame for the rest of the day.
The morning routine
פריצת טווח הפתיחהOpening Range Breakout (ORB)
An exit from the range of the session's first minutes, traded in that direction.
Day-trading setups
תזרים מפעילותOperating Cash Flow (OCF)
The cash generated by the business's ordinary activity.
Cash flow
מנוף תפעוליOperating Leverage
When profit grows faster than revenue because part of the cost base is fixed.
Profit margins
שיעור רווח תפעוליOperating Margin
Operating income divided by revenue. The profitability of the business itself, pre-financing and tax.
Profit margins
צמיחה אורגניתOrganic Growth
Growth from the existing business, without acquisitions. Higher quality than acquired growth.
Finding long-term companies
מסחר יתרOvertrading
Taking trades without conditions, out of boredom or a need to act.
Behavioural mistakes

P

מכפיל רווחP/E Ratio
Price divided by earnings per share. How many years of current profit you pay.
Valuation and multiples
יציאה חלקיתPartial Exit / Scale Out
Selling part of the position into profit to cut risk and hold the rest.
Managing the trade
מכפיל מול צמיחהPEG Ratio
The P/E divided by the growth rate. Around 1 is considered reasonable.
Valuation and multiples
קביעת גודל פוזיציהPosition Sizing
Calculating share count from the allowed risk and the distance to the stop.
Position sizing
משקל פוזיציהPosition Weight
The position's percentage of the whole portfolio.
Concentration versus diversification
סחף אחרי דוחPost-Earnings Drift (PEAD)
A stock's tendency to keep drifting in the surprise's direction for weeks after the release.
Earnings risk
השעה האחרונהPower Hour
The hour before the close, when volume returns and moves sharpen.
The morning routine
טרום־מסחרPre-Market
The session before the official open. High volume there foreshadows an active day.
Relative volume
מכפיל הוןPrice to Book (P/B)
Price divided by equity. Relevant for banks and insurers, meaningless for software.
Valuation and multiples
כוח תמחורPricing Power
The ability to raise prices without losing customers. It shows up as a rising gross margin.
Profit margins
תיקון למגמהPullback
A temporary decline inside an uptrend, offering an entry near support.
Base patterns

R

יחידת סיכוןR / Risk Unit
The amount that would be lost at the stop. Every outcome is measured as a multiple of it.
The R unit
טווחRange
The distance between high and low over a given period.
Volatility
איזון מחדשRebalancing
Restoring portfolio weights to their targets on a set schedule.
Building a thesis and a strategy
החזרת רמהReclaim
Price that fell below a level returning above it and holding — a common entry trigger.
Volume-weighted average price
חוזק יחסיRelative Strength (RS)
The stock's performance versus the index over the same window. A leadership measure.
Relative strength
נפח יחסיRelative Volume (RVOL)
Volume so far divided by the average volume by that same hour. Measures unusual interest.
Relative volume
התנגדותResistance
A price area where sellers previously appeared and capped a rise.
Key levels
בדיקה חוזרתRetest
A return to the broken level from its other side — usually the cleanest entry.
Key levels
תשואה על ההון העצמיReturn on Equity (ROE)
Profit divided by equity. Inflatable with debt, so read it alongside leverage.
Return on capital and the moat
תשואה על ההון המושקעReturn on Invested Capital (ROIC)
How much the company earns per dollar committed to the business. Consistently above 15% signals a moat.
Return on capital and the moat
מסחר נקמהRevenge Trading
Increasing risk right after a loss to win it back.
Behavioural mistakes
הכנסותRevenue
All money received from sales in the period. The top line.
Reading a financial report
יחס סיכוי־סיכוןRisk / Reward Ratio
Distance to target divided by distance to stop. Measured before entry, never after.
The R unit
ניהול סיכוניםRisk Management
A set of rules fixed in advance for how much may be lost per trade, per day and in total.
Risk before reward
סיכון לעסקהRisk per Trade
The amount, or percent of the account, you accept losing on a single trade.
Position sizing
תשואה מותאמת סיכוןRisk-Adjusted Return
Return relative to the volatility required to achieve it.
Measuring performance
כלל ה־40Rule of 40
In software: growth percent plus profit margin should exceed 40 combined.
Finding long-term companies

S

יציאה מדורגתScale Out
Selling the position in stages along the move instead of all at once.
Managing a swing position
סורקScanner
A tool that filters the whole market by quantitative conditions into a short list.
Finding stocks to day trade
סורק מניותScreener
A quantitative filter that reduces the market to a list you can eyeball.
Finding swing trades
הנפקה נוספתSecondary Offering
Issuing new shares to raise money. It dilutes existing holders.
Dilution and stock-based compensation
חשיפה סקטוריאליתSector Exposure
How much of the portfolio depends on a single industry.
Correlation
רוטציה סקטוריאליתSector Rotation
Money moving between industries. It explains why a whole sector moves together.
Relative strength
תבנית מסחרSetup
A repeatable set of conditions that justifies an entry. Each has its own expectancy.
The trading journal
מניות במחזורShares Outstanding
The number of shares in existence. Its five-year trend tells a whole story.
Dilution and stock-based compensation
החלקהSlippage
The difference between the expected price and the actual fill.
Liquidity
תגמול מבוסס מניותStock-Based Compensation (SBC)
Salary paid in shares. A genuine expense that never leaves as cash.
Dilution and stock-based compensation
פקודת עצירת הפסדStop Loss
The price at which you exit because the assumption behind the trade is no longer true.
Risk before reward
פקודת סטופStop Order
A resting order triggered at a level, then sent as a market order.
Order types
פקודת סטופ־לימיטStop-Limit Order
A stop that becomes a limit. Protects the price but may not fill at all.
Order types
כשל העלות השקועהSunk Cost Fallacy
Sticking with a decision because of what's already been put into it.
Behavioural mistakes
תמיכהSupport
A price area where buyers previously appeared and halted a decline.
Key levels

T

יומן מסחרTrading Journal
A systematic record of every trade: reason, result and execution quality.
The trading journal
סטופ נגררTrailing Stop
A stop that rises with price, locking in a growing profit.
Managing the tradeManaging a swing position
צמצום פוזיציהTrimming
A partial sale returning an oversized position to its target weight.
Concentration versus diversification
תחלופהTurnover
How often the portfolio is replaced in a year. High turnover costs commissions and tax.
Building a thesis and a strategy

V

מדד התנודתיותVIX / Volatility Index
A gauge of expected market volatility. A spike almost always accompanies declines.
Market regime
תנודתיותVolatility
How much price moves. More volatility is more opportunity and equally more risk.
Volatility
התכווצות תנודתיותVolatility Contraction
A sequence of progressively shallower dips inside the base. A sign sellers are gone.
Base patterns
התייבשות נפחVolume Dry-Up
A sharp fall in volume near the end of a base — usually precedes a sharp move.
Base patterns
מחיר ממוצע משוקלל נפחVWAP
The day's average traded price, weighted by the volume done at each price.
Volume-weighted average price

W

רשימת מעקבWatchlist
A short list of stocks with a reason to move, built before the open.
The morning routineFinding swing trades
אחוז זכייהWin Rate
The share of trades that ended in profit. Meaningless without the size of wins and losses.
Expectancy

Y

לעומת אשתקדYear over Year (YoY)
Comparison to the same period a year earlier, which removes seasonality.
Reading a financial report